en Epidemiology Original Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><a name="OLE_LINK25"><strong>Background: </strong></a>Smartphone addiction is a serious growing problem with similarities to game addiction and even drug addiction. Nowadays, a large number of Iranian children and teenagers find themselves addicted to their smartphones. This type of addiction has a serious impact on mental health among mothers. This study aimed to compare depression and rumination scores among employed and unemployed mothers of preschool children with smartphone addiction.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This is a descriptive correlational study, in which 150 mothers of preschool children were selected as the sample group. In this study, the Cellphone Overuse Scale (COS), the Beck Depression Questionnaire, and the Intellectual Rumination Questionnaire were utilized. In addition, the Pearson&#39;s correlation coefficient and the independent samples t-test methods were used for data analysis.<span dir="RTL"></span><br> <strong>Results:</strong> According to the results, the mean and standard deviation of depression and rumination among employed and unemployed mothers were (M= 3.83, SD= 3.78) and (M=8.48, SD= 7.83), respectively. In addition, the mean of rumination among unemployed mothers (M= 24.08 SD=13.65) was significantly higher than that among employed mothers (M= 14.42, SD= 8.34) (p < 0.05).<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The findings provide the preliminary foundation for further studies on designing effective prevention programs to prevent depression and rumination among mothers with children addicted to smartphones.</span></span></p> Rumination,Depression,Mothers,Unemployment,Preschool Children,Smartphone,Smartphone Addiction, 206 212 http://johe.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-380-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Melina Jafarzadeh 22400319475328460011907 22400319475328460011907 No MSc in Family Counseling, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran. Ardakan University Mahnaz Cheshmi 22400319475328460011908 22400319475328460011908 No MSc in Clinical Psychology, Family Therapy, Tehran University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran. Tehran University of Science and Culture Maryam Ranjbar Kolagari 22400319475328460011909 22400319475328460011909 No MSc in Educational Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch, Sari, Iran. Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch Roya Madadi 22400319475328460011910 22400319475328460011910 No MSc in Clinical Psychology, Master of Counseling and Guidance, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch, Roudehen, Iran. Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch Javad Seyed Jafari Javad-jafari90@yahoo.com 22400319475328460011911 22400319475328460011911 Yes PhD Candidate in Psychology, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran. Allameh Tabataba'i University