en Epidemiology Original Article <span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><span style="line-height:200%"><b><span style="line-height:200%"><span style="color:black">Background:</span></span></b><span style="line-height:200%"><span style="color:black"> This paper presents the conditional relative survival rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) and associated prognostic factors in the Kerman province, the largest province in the south of Iran. Scince CRC is the fifth common cancer in this province, this study aimed to provide more detailed statistics on the survival rate of CRC patients.</span></span><br> <span style="line-height:200%"><b><span style="color:black">Materials and Methods:</span></b><span style="color:black"> This survival analysis study used the national population-based cancer registry data to estimate the survival rate in 1705 patients with CRC from 2007 to 2016. The Kaplan&ndash;Meier estimator and Log-rank test were used to plot survival curves and assess differences in survival rates. Univariate analysis and Cox proportional-hazards model were also used to determine association between CRC-related factors and patient survival. </span><br> <b><span style="color:black">Results:</span></b><span style="color:black"> The 5-year survival rate for patients with CRC was 51.9%. This rate was significantly higher in the stage with localized lesions compared with those of regional and distant (p<0.001). <a name="_Hlk52200403">The survival rate in patients undergoing surgical treatment was higher than that of patients receiving chemotherapy </a>(p<0.001). Increased age, low tumor differentiation, the stage with distant tumors, and right-sided colon cancer (RCC) were associated with lower survival (p<0.001).</span><br> <b><span style="color:black">Conclusions:</span></b><span style="color:black"> The tumor stage was significantly correlated with the survival rate of patients. Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC in Iran and worldwide, the survival rate of patients in this study was low. Since many factors affect this rate, further studies are needed to identify its prognostic factors in Kerman</span></span><span style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span>.</span></span> Colorectal Neoplasms,Survival Rate,Kaplan–Meier Estimate,Proportional Hazards Models,Confidence Interval (CI), 1 9 http://johe.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-426-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Elham Hashemipour elham_hashemipour@yahoo.com 22400319475328460011242 22400319475328460011242 No MSc in Epidemiology, Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Reza Vazirinejad rvazirinejad@yahoo.co.uk 22400319475328460011243 22400319475328460011243 No Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Mahmoud Sheikh Fatholahi mamoosh502002@yahoo.com 22400319475328460011244 22400319475328460011244 No Assistant Prof., of Biostatistics, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Iran University of Medical Sciences Mohsen Rezaian moeygmr2@yahoo.co.uk 22400319475328460011245 22400319475328460011245 Yes Professor, Head of Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Occupational Environmental Research Center, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences