en Occupational Health Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span courier="" new="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Cognitive failures are one of the most important causes of patients&#39; unsafe events. Hence, it is necessary to consider individual and cognitive, as well as extra-organizational characteristics. The present study was conducted to investigate the association between personality traits, job stress, work-family conflict and nurses&#39; cognitive failures.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span courier="" new="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 nurses working in three public hospitals in Sari city, Iran, in 2021. The subjects were selected using Stratified Random Sampling. NEO Five-Factor Inventory, Health and Safety Executive (HSE) tool, Work-Family Conflict Scale (WFCS), and Occupational Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (OCFQ) were used to measure personality traits, job stress, work-family conflict, and cognitive Failures, respectively. The data were analyzed in SPSS (ve. 23) and regression analysis with the sequential method was applied.&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span courier="" new="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Among 13 studied predictor variables, only extraversion, agreeableness, demand, and role were predictors of cognitive failures. These variables explain 44.1% of the variance of cognitive failure. The </span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Symbol">b</span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> values of neuroticism and conscientiousness to predict cognitive failures were 0.34 and -0.29, respectively (P < 0.001). Although role (</span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Symbol">b</span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> = 0.15, p < 0.001) and demand (</span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Symbol">b</span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> =&nbsp;0.14, p < 0.001) significantly predict cognitive failure; however, their effect is limited. The results of the study did not provide confirmation for the moderating effect of neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness on the association between work-family conflict, job stress, and cognitive failures. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span courier="" new="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusions:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Along with environmental and organizational stress factors, evaluating nurses&rsquo; personality traits is necessary to control cognitive failures.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> Nurses,Work-Family Conflict,Job Stress,Cognitive,Personality, 17 24 http://johe.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-582-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Siavash Etemadinezhad dr.setemadi@yahoo.com 22400319475328460010510 22400319475328460010510 No Associated Prof., Health Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Hajiomid Kalteh h.omid@mazums.ac.ir 22400319475328460010511 22400319475328460010511 Yes Assistant Prof., Dept. of Occupational Health, Faculty of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Tayebe Rahimi Pordanjani tayebe.rahimi@yahoo.com 22400319475328460010512 22400319475328460010512 No Associated Prof., Dept. of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran. University of Bojnord Jamshidi Yazdani Cherat jyazdani@mazums.ac.ir 22400319475328460010513 22400319475328460010513 No Professor, Dept. of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Azimeh Kalteh azimeh.k@gmail.com 22400319475328460010514 22400319475328460010514 No M.Sc. in Occupational health and Safety, Dept. of Occupational Health, Faculty of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Aghigh Salarian aghigh.s9574@gmail.com 22400319475328460010515 22400319475328460010515 No M.Sc. in Occupational Health and Safety, Dept. of Occupational Health, Faculty of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Hamidreza Mokarami mokarami.hamidreza@yahoo.com 22400319475328460010516 22400319475328460010516 No Associated Prof., Dept. of Ergonomics, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Aref Shahi aref.shahi@gmail.com 22400319475328460010517 22400319475328460010517 No M.Sc. in Chemical Engineering, Dept. of Health Safety Environment, Petroleum University of Technology, Abadan, Iran. Petroleum University of Technology