@article{ author = {Taghizadeh, R and Zare, M and Zare, S}, title = {Mapping of noise pollution by different interpolation methods in recovery section of Ghandi telecommunication Cables Company}, abstract ={  Background : Noise pollution and workers' noise exposure are common in industrial factories in Iran. In order to reduce this noise pollution, evaluation and investigation of noise emission are both necessary. In this study, different noise mapping methodsare used for determining the distribution of noise.   Materials and Methods : In the present study, for preparing a noise map in a hall of an industrial factory, sampling was carried out in 6×6 m grid. After data normalization the variogram was developed. For interpolation of mentioned parameter, kriging and Inverse Distance Weighting methods were used. The best model for interpolation was selected by cross validation and error evaluation methods, such as Route Mean Square Error (RMSE).   Results : The results showed that kriging method is better than other methods for prediction of noise property. The noise map was prepared, using the best interpolation method in Geographical Information System environment.   Conclusion : Workers in this industrial hall were exposed to noise which is mainly induced by noisy machines. Noise maps which were produced in this study showed the distribution of noise and, also revealed that workers suffer from serious noise pollution.}, Keywords = {Noise Pollution, Interpolation, Industry}, volume = {2}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.johe.2.1.2.1}, url = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-65-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-65-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology}, issn = {2251-8096}, eissn = {2252-0902}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Shahimoradi, D and Vazirinejad, R}, title = {Risk factors of the musculoskeletal and joint pains among employees who work with computer in Rafsanjan city in the years 2012-13}, abstract ={Background: Today application of computer in the life of people is very common and those who work with computer in especially long – term are faced with musculoskeletal pains. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors of musculoskeletal and Joint pains among computer users in Rafsanjan city in the years 2012-13. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 420 computer users were recruited in Rafsanjan city between 18 April 2012 and 19 January 2013. The data were collected by a checklist, in face to face interview sessions. Data were analyzed in SPSS and parametric and nonparametric tests were used where appropriate. Results: Cervical pain was associated with position of desk, chair and keyboard. There were significant association between shoulder pain and position of the keyboard, low back pain and chair position, carpal tunnel syndrome and mouse usage. The prevalence of cervical pain, shoulder pain, arm pain, wrist pain, hand pain, low back pain, elbow pain, back pain, and carpal tunnel syndrome, among respondents were 38.3%, 38.3%, 27.1%, 21.2%, 18.8%, 24.5%, 15.7%, 26.4% and 21.2%, respectively. In this study, there was significant association between exercise and all variables of carpal tunnel syndrome, elbow pain, back pain, low back pain and shoulder pain. Conclusions: It can be concluded that prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in computer users in our study were very common. Improving the position of desk, chair, mouse and keyboard could help with reducing cervical pain, shoulder pain, back pain, low back pain and carpal tunnel syndrome.}, Keywords = {Musculoskeletal Pains, Employees, Risk Factors, Iran.}, volume = {2}, Number = {1}, pages = {12-19}, publisher = {Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.johe.2.1.2.12}, url = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-83-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-83-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology}, issn = {2251-8096}, eissn = {2252-0902}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Moghiseh, M and Habibi, E and Aramesh, N and Hasanzadeh, A and Khorvash, MK and Poorrahmatian, AH}, title = {The association between VO2max and heart rate of casting industry workers}, abstract ={Background: To establish a balance between work (physical exercise) and human, the aerobic capacity (VO2max) could be used as a measure. Assessing heart rate in association to physiological symptoms is the most commonly used tools for the assessment of fatigue during physical exercise. This study aimed to investigate the association between the aerobic capacity and the heart rate of workers from the casting industry. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 200 male workers selected from casting industry in Isfahan using random sampling method. The subjects were examined using ergometer in accordance with Astrand 6 minutes cycle test protocol, Then, the VO2max was estimated using the formula proposed by American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). The heart rates were monitored and recorded automatically. Finally, the results were analyzed by SPSS 20 statistical software package. Results: The results illustrated that there was a strong correlation between heart rate (HR) and VO2max (r=0.991, P<0.001) . The regression analysis of the quadratic equation indicated that there was a significant association between the VO2max and the heart rate. Conclusion: As the results indicated there was a strong association between heart rate and VO2max, indicating the fact that with the increase in heart rate during physical activity, aerobic capacity is reduced, and the heart rate could be used as a p rediction measure to estimate VO2max.}, Keywords = {Worker, Heart Rate, Castings, Industry}, volume = {2}, Number = {1}, pages = {20-26}, publisher = {Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.johe.2.1.2.20}, url = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-63-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-63-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology}, issn = {2251-8096}, eissn = {2252-0902}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Vivien, H and Hashim, Z and Ismail, P and MdSaid, S and Omar, D and BahriMohdTamrin, S}, title = {Biological monitoring of genotoxicity to organophosphate pesticide exposure among rice farmers: Exposure-effect continuum study}, abstract ={Background: This study has used biomarker of exposure-effect continuum to examine the biological characteristics of organophosphate (OP) toxicity and its genotoxic effect among rice farmers. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 pesticide exposed rice farmers and 160 adults from the fishing village as the unexposed group. They share the common socio-economical background for inter-individual comparison in human toxicology assessment. In this study depression of blood cholinesterase is used as a biomarker of exposure to OP toxicity. Two genotoxic assays (micronuclei and comet assay) were conducted as a biomarker of genotoxic effect among the adult population. In this context, micronuclei assay is used to indicate the chromosome breakage and comet assay to estimate the possible DNA damage. Results: The study showed a significant difference of blood cholinesterase level (p=0.001) between the exposed-unexposed groups. Besides, the results showed that farmers had at least 2-2.5 folds of significant increase (p=0.001) in MN frequency (in 1000 cells) and comet tail length (µm) compared to the unexposed group. In addition, regression analysis among farmers showed that blood cholinesterase level decreased with the genotoxic effects. A small variation (R2=0.148) of MN frequency could be explained by the depression of blood cholinesterase level; however, a significant reduction (p=0.001), with strong changes (R2=0.712) in comet tail length was attributed to the depression of blood cholinesterase levels. Risk factors like age, body mass index, smoking status and years of working showed the different strength of the relationship with these genotoxic effects. Conclusions: This study suggests that chronic exposure to OP shows an inhibition to blood cholinesterase level, which is associated with the potential DNA breakage as indicated by comet assay. Age, smoking and years of working are the contributing factors influencing the biomarker of effects.}, Keywords = {Organophosphate, Cholinesterase, Depression, Chromosomal Breakage, DNA Damage}, volume = {2}, Number = {1}, pages = {27-36}, publisher = {Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.johe.2.1.2.27}, url = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-69-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-69-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology}, issn = {2251-8096}, eissn = {2252-0902}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Zamanian, Z and Afshin, A and Davoudiantalab, AH and Hashemi, H}, title = {Comprehension of workplace safety signs: A case study in Shiraz industrial park}, abstract ={ Background : Safety signs provide information as well as instructions concerning the hazard or dangers in the workplace. The correct comprehension of these signs is very important for doing the necessary feedback in the specific situation which are described.  Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the comprehension of 10 selected safety signs were investigated in 53 randomly selected employees of an industrial company in Shiraz. The comprehension test was carried out with the aid of a standard questionnaire obtained from ISO 9186-1:2007.  Results : In this study the mean comprehension scores of the tested signs were 65.95 percent with standard deviation if 28.7. The highest and lowest comprehension scores were for “use hearing protectors” and “biological hazard” respectively. The comprehension of 40 percent of the tested safety signs was lower than the minimum acceptable values of ISO 3864 and ANSI Z535.3 standards.  Conclusion : This study showed that there is a significant difference in comprehensions of tested safety signs. For full comprehension of safety signs it is necessary to train the employees or add supplementary texts to the symbols in some cases.}, Keywords = {Safety, Signs, Workplace, Color, Culture}, volume = {2}, Number = {1}, pages = {37-43}, publisher = {Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.johe.2.1.2.37}, url = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-61-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-61-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology}, issn = {2251-8096}, eissn = {2252-0902}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {AhmadiOrkomi, A and Tavakoli, B and Noorpoor, A}, title = {Noise pollution analysis in Tehran cement plant}, abstract ={  Background : Cement industry has many process units. Basically all of these units can be considered as a source of noise. Since noise pollution is defined based on its offensive hearing effects, the importance of the noise sources depends directly on the number of workers in the unit.   Materials and Methods : An experimental study has been done at Tehran cement factory to recognize and analyze the major noise pollution source machineries. In this survey, first, the mean A-weighted sound pressure level and the number of workers in each unit have been measured and the obtained data has been analyzed in Microsoft Excel. Afterwards, based on the mentioned ISO, some experiments have been done to calculate the A-weighted acoustic power level of the crusher which emits the highest level of noise.   Results: The noisiest units have been recognized and some applicable suggestions have been offered to reduce the sound exposure level. Also by calculating the sound power levels and considering the design parameters which affect the sound power generated by the crusher, an empirical equation has been presented to calculate the acoustic power level as a function of horsepower, number of hammers and the weight of each hammer.   Conclusion: The acoustic measurement results show that the crusher, cement mill and row mill units are the three major noise emission sources. In another experiment, based on ANSI S1.36 and ISO 3746 guidelines, the sound power level of the crusher unit has been measured indirectly. Afterwards, by using a multiple regression algorithm and minimizing the mean square error, an empirical equation has been proposed to correlate the acoustic power level as a function of the horsepower and the mass of all hammers of the crusher.}, Keywords = {Sound, Measurement, Cement}, volume = {2}, Number = {1}, pages = {44-53}, publisher = {Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.johe.2.1.2.44}, url = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-64-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-64-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology}, issn = {2251-8096}, eissn = {2252-0902}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Dehghani, R and SabahiBidgoli, M and AsgariArani, J and RashediVahed, Gh H and Heydari, F and Soheili, Z and KazemiMoghaddam, V and Afshari, N}, title = {A Survey on the application and storage conditions of pesticides in Kashan, Iran, 2012}, abstract ={  Background: Noticeable amounts of pesticides are used in developing countries each year. However excessive application of these chemicals in the past few decades has breaded serious problems to both animals and humans. Although most studies have targeted acute poisoning, in the present study chronic poisoning as a new and important health problem has been studied due to application and storage of pesticides at homes. Materials and Methods:  This descriptive study was designed in Kashan, located in the dry central region of Iran in 2012. The data were collected by interviewing 500 home owners and filling questionnaires. The data were analyzed using abundance tables and SPSS software and statistic tests χ2 and fisher exact.   Results: The results showed high availability and application of pesticides (97.2%). Citizens reported using pesticides once every six months. There was a positive relationship between the application of pesticides and the observed disorders (p<0.0001).   Conclusion: Pesticides are available for most people in an uncontrolled way, which may be the cause of many health problems}, Keywords = {Application, Developing Countries, Pesticides, Storage}, volume = {2}, Number = {1}, pages = {54-59}, publisher = {Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.johe.2.1.2.54}, url = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-75-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-75-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology}, issn = {2251-8096}, eissn = {2252-0902}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Zamanian, Z and Nikeghbal, K and Ebrahimi, H and Purshahidi, S}, title = {Effect of Workplace Noise and Light Conditions on Dentists\' Quality of Life, Shiraz, 2013}, abstract ={  Background: It has been prover that the prevalence of experiencing job related stress is very high among the dentists. This stress can be the result of factors such as poor lightening of dental office and noise. This stress can cause emotional distress and threaten dentists’ physical health and affect the quality of their life. This study is conducted to determine dentists’ professional quality of life and job-related stress and two important workplace factors that can affect them which are lighting and noise.   Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study the researchers visited the dental offices in Shiraz city and measured lighting and noise of the places, also dentist's quality of life and job stress were determined using McGill quality of life questionnaire and job-stress questionnaire.   Results: The relationship between quantitative variables was determined by using regression test and the multiple regression test was used for the modeling process. The average of local noise caused by dental drills and other parameters was 75.5 and 74.5 in public and private offices. In 2.2% of dental offices lightening condition was below the standard levels. Results show that 58.9% of dentists participating in this study experience good or fairly good quality of life.   Conclusion: The results suggest that workplace environmental situation and dentists’ professional stress and quality of life are correlated. So adjusting effective workplace parameters to the standard levels can lead to increase in the dentists’ quality of life.}, Keywords = {Stress, Lighting, Noise, Clinic}, volume = {2}, Number = {1}, pages = {60-66}, publisher = {Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.johe.2.1.2.60}, url = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-79-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-79-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology}, issn = {2251-8096}, eissn = {2252-0902}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Rezaei, MR and Sayadi, MH}, title = {Toxic metals in the deposited particles from air of the training space of Amir Abad Campus, University of Birjand, 2012}, abstract ={  Background: Composition of dust in the air due to contact with human via inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption will have a large impact on public health. In the learning environments such as universities, many people spend most of their day in contact with the dust. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concentration of heavy metals lead, chromium and copper in the training space of the University of Birjand (Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources) and examining its ecological risks.   Materials and Methods: This descriptive study evaluated a total of 16 samples where 4 samples pertained to the Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment and 12 samples were from the Faculty of Agriculture. For estimation of the heavy metals copper, chromium and lead, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid digestion were used. The concentration of heavy metals was measured using an atomic absorption instrument. T he regression coefficient was calculated by Ms Excle software.   Results: The results showed that lead (3.414) and copper (14.884) degrees in the official room of the Faculty of Agriculture was more than the Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment while lead (2.575) and chromium (0.187) degrees were higher in the classrooms of the Faculty of Natural Resources. The regression correlation coefficient studies showed that the case study heavy metals had week correlation(R2 0.13 and 0.20) . The pollution index of the element chromium depicted the lowest pollution level and copper had the high pollution levels in some samples.   Conclusions: However, the samples exhibited little ecological risks. Thus, the presence of these elements in dust does not lead to serious health hazards. Nevertheless, further studies at different time periods are worthwhile.}, Keywords = {Dust, Heavy Metals, Risk}, volume = {2}, Number = {1}, pages = {67-75}, publisher = {Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.johe.2.1.2.67}, url = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-81-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-81-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology}, issn = {2251-8096}, eissn = {2252-0902}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Rezaeian, M}, title = {Developing a questionnaire in occupational epidemiological research: Some common sense guidelines}, abstract ={  Background: The most common method of collecting data in any area of human health research is to apply a questionnaire. However, if extreme cautiousness is not taking into account while designing a questionnaire, the gathered data might be ineffective. Therefore, the aim of the present article is to discuss some of the most important set of guidelines in designing a questionnaire.   Materials and methods: To fulfil the aim of the study, it has been tried to search the relevant literature by looking at different search engines and also carry out hand searching. It has also been tried to elaborate any selected guidelines by examples relevant to occupational epidemiology .   Results: The literature highlights that there are at the very least ten common-sense guidelines that one should take into account for designing a valid and reliable questionnaire.   Conclusions: By following the proposed guidelines it is hoped that a deigned questionnaire is able to elicit the responses that one might need.}, Keywords = {Questionnaire, Design, Guidelines, Occupational Epidemiology}, volume = {2}, Number = {1}, pages = {76-81}, publisher = {Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.johe.2.1.2.76}, url = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-67-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-67-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology}, issn = {2251-8096}, eissn = {2252-0902}, year = {2013} }