en
jalali
1394
4
1
gregorian
2015
7
1
4
3
online
1
fulltext
en
Risk assessment of musculoskeletal disorders by OVAKO Working posture Analysis System OWAS and evaluate the effect of ergonomic training on posture of farmers
Background: The agricultural sector is one of the most important sectors in production. The safety and health of farmers are important factors that can cause a significant increase in efficiency and productivity. The aim of this study was the assessment of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) using the OVAKO Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) and evaluation of the effect of ergonomic training on posture of farmers.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 400 farms were evaluated in 5 major activities including gathering of pistachios by men, gathering of pistachios by women, spading, gathering of pistachio waste, picking of wheat, and fertilizing regarding MSDs using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and OWAS. Then, the required ergonomic training was presented as face-to-face to farmers and again evaluation was performed after the intervention.
Results: Low back pain and knee problems had the highest frequency and can be caused by standing or sitting for long periods of time, displacement and manual material handling, and undesirable workstations. A significant relationship was found between age and work experience, and MSDs (P ˂ 0.001). Risk level in pistachio and wheat gathering tasks was lowered significantly after the ergonomic interventions and required training compared to before the intervention (P ˂ 0.050). However, no significant change was observed in the spading and fertilizing tasks.
Conclusions: The results showed that the prevalence of MSDs was relatively high in the studied farmers. Moreover, the level of risk that was obtained according to the OWAS indicated that the working conditions and environment in this industry are harmful. Therefore, taking corrective actions in order to improve the working conditions is necessary.
Posture, Assessments, Farmers, Musculoskeletal Diseases
131
138
http://johe.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-117-11&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2016/01/10
1394/10/20
2016/04/6
1395/1/18
MH
Beheshti
Dept. of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
beheshtihasan8@gmail.com
0031947532846004378
0031947532846004378
No
Gonabad University of Medical Sciences
A
Firoozi Chahak
Dept. of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
ali_firoozi66@yahoo.com
0031947532846004379
0031947532846004379
Yes
Gonabad University of Medical Sciences
AA
Alinaghi Langari
Dept. of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.
0031947532846004380
0031947532846004380
No
Bam University of Medical Sciences
M
Poursadeghiyan
Dept. of Ergonomics, School of Rehabilitation, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
0031947532846004381
0031947532846004381
No
University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences
en
Impact of job stress on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among computer users of hospitals in Gorgan, Iran, in 2014
Background: Occupational stress has physical and psychological consequences, and is a major cause of job dissatisfaction among employees, which can reduce the quality of services provided. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between job stress and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among computer users in hospitals (private & governmental) of Gorgan, Iran, in 2014.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The study participants consisted of 94 hospital computer users. Data were collected using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and Osipow’s Occupational Stress Inventory. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software.
Results: The mean score of the subjects studied was 159±77.24. The results revealed that 6.38% of the staff had mild stress, 68.9% mild to moderate stress, 24.47% had moderate to high stress, and none of the employees had high occupational stress. There was no significant relationship between job stress and MSDs of the neck, shoulders, back, elbows, and hands and wrists, but the relationship between stress and MSDs of the waist was significant (P=0.03).
Conclusions: The prevalence of MSDs in the studied hospital computer users was high and stress in the workplace can have an important role in the pathogenesis of this disorder.
Stress, Occupational, Computer, Musculoskeletal Disease
139
145
http://johe.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-172-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2016/01/102016/05/10
1395/2/21
2016/04/62016/06/22
1395/4/2
E
Taban
Dept. of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
ebrahim.taban@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846003780
0031947532846003780
No
Tarbiat Modares University
S
Shokri
Dept. of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
shokrisana@yahoo.com
0031947532846003781
0031947532846003781
No
Qazvin University of Medical Sciences
M
Yazdani Aval
Dept. of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
ebrahim.taban@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846003782
0031947532846003782
No
Tarbiat Modares University
M
Rostami Aghdam Shendi
Dept. of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
ebrahim.taban@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846003783
0031947532846003783
No
Tehran University
HO
Kalteh
Dept. of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
o.kalte@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846003784
0031947532846003784
Yes
Tarbiat Modares University
F
Keshizadeh
Dept. of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
0031947532846003785
0031947532846003785
No
Tarbiat Modares University
en
Assessment of work postures and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among porcelain industry workers
Background: Today, the prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is considered as a vital issue and one of the highest national priorities. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating occupational postures and the prevalence of MSDs among porcelain industry workers of the city of Rasht, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in 2015 on 66 workers, active in different factory units and chosen through stratified random sampling. To determine the frequency of MSDs symptoms in different body parts of the workers, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) were used. To evaluate the risk of MSDs, the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method was utilized. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, independent t-test, and logistic regression were used for data analysis.
Results: Based on the data obtained through the questionnaires, 36% of the studied population had experienced pain at least in one body part in the last 12 months. The frequency of pain in the waist, hand and wrists, and neck was the most. According to the data collected through JCQ, the total score of job content had a statistically significant relationship with subjects’ age and their occupational background (P < 0.001, r = -0.549, and r = -0.704, respectively). Mean REBA scores of workers suggested that printing, carpentry, engineering, and material supplement units (scores: 6-6.5) were the most dangerous units, and the enameling unit (score: 4) had the least amount of risk in the porcelain industry.
Conclusions: The present study indicated that, in the studied industry, work posture correction with the help of correction stations and appropriate training is absolutely necessary.
Assessment, Musculoskeletal, Disorders, Porcelain, Industry, Questionnaire, Job
146
153
http://johe.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-165-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2016/01/102016/05/102016/03/16
1394/12/26
2016/04/62016/06/222016/05/24
1395/3/4
A
Ahmadi
Dept. of Environment Management (HSE), Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Zahedan, Iran.
all_ahmadi@yahoo.com
0031947532846003800
0031947532846003800
No
Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch
R
Mirzayee
Dept. of Environmental and Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
rammir277@gmail.com
0031947532846003801
0031947532846003801
Yes
Mashhad University of Medical sciences
H
Ansari
Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
0031947532846003802
0031947532846003802
No
Zahedan University of Medical Sciences
en
Quality requirements based on physicians’ and nurses’ point of view and quality dimensions based on patients’ point of view in some Iranian hospitals in 2014-2015
Background: Determining quality requirements and quality dimensions is one of the most reliable ways of providing high quality services. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between quality requirements and quality dimensions according to the points of view of physicians, nurses, and patients.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was carried out in hospitals under supervision of Medical Sciences Universities, in 4 provinces of Tehran, Fars, Lorestan, and Yazd (Iran). A group of 432 physicians and nurses answered the Quality Requirements Questionnaire which includes the 4 components of competitive, ethical, professional, and accountability requirements. Furthermore, 500 patients answered the Quality Dimensions Questionnaire, including the 11 dimensions of security (safety), professionalism, empathy (friendship), politeness, reliability, accountability, working speed, competency, accessibility, flexibility, and tangibles. The Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression method were used to analyze the data in SPSS software.
Results: The mean quality requirements and quality dimensions scores in the studied hospitals were, respectively, 3.75 and 3.61, both of which were at a higher than medium level. Moreover, the results of Pearson correlation coefficient suggested that the competitive, professional, and ethical components of quality requirement had a significant and direct association with quality dimensions. However, there was no significant association between the accountability component and quality dimensions variables. Furthermore, based on the results of multiple regression and the determination coefficient, it is possible to claim that approximately 13% of variance in quality dimensions depend upon the mean of components of quality requirements.
Conclusions: It can be concluded that work commitment, attention to work, respect for ethical principles, and fair competition at the work place between physicians and nurses lead to the provision of safe and high quality services in hospitals.
Service, Quality, Requirements, Dimensions, Physicians, Nurses
154
162
http://johe.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-158-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2016/01/102016/05/102016/03/162016/03/4
1394/12/14
2016/04/62016/06/222016/05/242016/06/14
1395/3/25
Z
Bahrami Nejad
Dept of. Public Management, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran.
zahrabahraminejad00@gmail.com
0031947532846003786
0031947532846003786
No
Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University
S
Salajegheh
Dept of. Public Management, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran.
sanjarsalajegheh1@gmail.com
0031947532846003787
0031947532846003787
Yes
Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University
A
Sheykhi
Dept of. Public Management, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran.
ayobsheykhi1@gmail.com
0031947532846003788
0031947532846003788
No
Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University
en
Fire and explosion risk assessment in a chemical company by the application of DOW fire and explosion index
Background: Fire and explosion hazards are extremely important in processing units. This study was performed to identify the risk centers, the potential damage caused by fire and explosion, and the days of production cessation in the processing company.
Materials and Methods: The present qualitative case study was conducted using Dow’s index in 2015. The fire and explosion hazard index and level were calculated for the processing units after collecting the required data. In addition, hazard radius and level, damage factor (DF), actual maximum probable property damage (MPPD), and the maximum probable days’ outage (MPDO) were determined by analysis of the collected data.
Results: The results indicated that the fire and explosion hazard level was high in 82% of the studied processing units. Moreover, the potential fire or explosion could cause financial damage of 51 million dollars and production cessation of 296 days.
Conclusions: The results of this study showed a variety of possible fire and explosion hazards in the studied processing units. By determining several weakness points in these units, serious engineering controls were suggested to decrease the determined hazard levels. Furthermore, Dow’s fire and explosion index (F&EI) was approved as an efficient technique for assessing the risk of fire or explosion in addition to their damage levels.
Explosion, Fire, Chemical, Index
163
175
http://johe.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-166-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2016/01/102016/05/102016/03/162016/03/42016/04/11
1395/1/23
2016/04/62016/06/222016/05/242016/06/142016/07/4
1395/4/14
A
Zaranejad
Dept of. Sciences of Occupational Health, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
ahmadiomran@yahoo.com
0031947532846003789
0031947532846003789
No
Tarbiat Modares University
O
Ahmadi
Dept. of Sciences of Occupational Health, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
O.ahmadi@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846003790
0031947532846003790
Yes
Tarbiat Modares University
en
The health system response to Eltor cholera outbreak: an experience in Iran
Background: Following the outbreak of eltor cholera in Iraq’s Kurdistan, Iran was threatened through the western border. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the health system response of Marivan city in Kurdistan Province (Iran) as a risky gateway for the outbreak of eltor cholera epidemic in Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was implemented in Marivan in October 2012 in 6 steps with different methods of data gathering including situation analysis, and document and literature review. Case finding is important in controlling disease outbreak. We mention to case finding in the health system.in Marivan city.
Results: During the Eltor epidemic in Marivan, Control measures, training actions, and coordination measures had been within and outside the organization such as the health system, municipality, police, industries, mine and trade, terminals and transportation, local radio, agriculture, and water and sewerage. To create an intersectional coordination for disease control, job description of the offices was issued by the governor to them, and the health system response was appropriate and timely in controlling the Eltor epidemic.
Conclusions: After the outbreak of Eltor in Iraq and following the announcement of standby status by Iran’s Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME), the health system of Marivan took steps to deal with the Eltor epidemic. We proposed the improvement of control measures and organizational coordination to control the probable outbreak. The appropriate strategies were presented to improve the performance of the health system and treatment in similar situations.
Epidemic, Cholera, Outbreak, Health Care System, Response
176
181
http://johe.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-186-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2016/01/102016/05/102016/03/162016/03/42016/04/112016/07/10
1395/4/20
2016/04/62016/06/222016/05/242016/06/142016/07/42016/10/2
1395/7/11
Z
Ghomian
Dept. of Health in Emergencies and Disaster, School of Health, Safety and Environment, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
zghomian@gmail.com
0031947532846003791
0031947532846003791
No
S
Yousef Nezhad
Dept. of Health in Emergencies and Disaster, School of Health, Safety and Environment, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
yusefnejad785@yahoo.com
0031947532846003792
0031947532846003792
Yes
K
Jahangiri
Dept. of Health in Emergencies and Disaster, School of Health, Safety and Environment, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
0031947532846003793
0031947532846003793
No
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
A
Khodadadizadeh
Faculty Member, Dept. of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
akhodadadi67@gmail.com
0031947532846003794
0031947532846003794
No
Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
en
A comparison on the ratio of deaths from cardiovascular disease on holidays and working days at Ali-ibn Abi Talib Hospital in Rafsanjan, Iran, in 2010-2014
Background: Every year, eating, exercise, work, and travel patterns change during the holidays and these behavioral changes at a larger scale may cause death due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Considering the importance of CVD, the present study was conducted for the first time in Iran to determine the differences in the ratio of deaths due to CVD on holidays and working days.
Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study. The study population consisted of all hospitalized cases of CVD in the city of Rafsanjan, Iran, during the years 2010-2014. Data on individuals were collected through electronic systems available at Ali-ibn Abi Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan. Holidays were specified using the official Iranian calendar and the number of deaths caused by CVD on holidays and working days were extracted. Finally, the collected data were entered into SPSS software and were analyzed using independent t-test, chi-square, and logistic regression model.
Results: Within 5 years, about 11124 cases of hospitalizations due to CVD were studied. Among the total hospitalized cases, 993 deaths were reported. Of these cases of death 3.5% occurred on Iranian New Year holidays, 4.5% on Islamic and National holidays, 11.5% on Fridays and 80.5% on the ordinary days of the year (P< 0.001). The results of logistic regression model have revealed that after considering the effects of other variables the odds ratio of death due to CVD was 1.913, 1.477 and 1.572 respectively in Iranian New Year holidays, Islamic and National holidays and Fridays compared with the ordinary days of the year.
Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the holidays in Iran may have an additive effect in relation to deaths from cardiovascular disease.
Hospital, Cardiovascular Diseases, Holidays, Iran
182
189
http://johe.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-41-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2016/01/102016/05/102016/03/162016/03/42016/04/112016/07/102016/04/17
1395/1/29
2016/04/62016/06/222016/05/242016/06/142016/07/42016/10/22016/08/1
1395/5/11
A
Shokufamanesh
Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
0031947532846003795
0031947532846003795
No
Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
R
Vazirinejad
PhD of Epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Science, Rafsanjan, Iran
0031947532846003796
0031947532846003796
No
Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
M
Mirzaei
Cardiologist, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
0031947532846003797
0031947532846003797
No
Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
H
Ahmadinia
Dept. of Biostatistics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
0031947532846003798
0031947532846003798
No
Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
M
Rezaeian
Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Occupational Environmental Research Center, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
moeygmr2@yahoo.co.uk
0031947532846003799
0031947532846003799
Yes
Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
en
A study of pedestrian-vehicle accidents in Iran in 2013
Background: In recent decades, due to the increase in users of roads and inadequate attention to the creation and development of appropriate passageways for traffic, there has been a growing trend in traffic accidents and casualties caused by them. The traffic accidents among pedestrians to take necessary measures in a timely fashion should be well studied. This study was conducted with the goal of survey traffic accidents among pedestrians in 2014.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the National Accidents Record Program regarding 2013. In this study, all traffic accidents in which the injured person was referred to a public or private hospital in the country to receive health services or was transferred to the hospital by EMS 115 and received remedial measures on an outpatient or inpatient basis in all provinces were considered. The incidence of pedestrian-vehicle accidents was calculated per ten thousand. Map GIS software package was used for the mapping of occurrence of events and Microsoft EXCEL and Stata software were used for data analysis.
Results: In this study, the 82066 pedestrians who were injured in road accidents consisted of a total of 53240 men and 28826 women. The rate of traffic accidents was higher in men than in women (64.87% and 35.13%, respectively) and the majority of individuals affected were in the age group of 20 to 24 years. Most pedestrian-vehicle accidents had occurred on the street (89.8%).
Conclusion: Pedestrians are at risk of the irreversible outcomes of traffic accidents; therefore, effective and regular training on the prevention of injury and secure environment is essential to reduce injuries.
Accidents, Traffic, Injury, Pedestrians
190
197
http://johe.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-180-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2016/01/102016/05/102016/03/162016/03/42016/04/112016/07/102016/04/172016/06/28
1395/4/8
2016/04/62016/06/222016/05/242016/06/142016/07/42016/10/22016/08/12016/10/8
1395/7/17
M
Afshari
School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
afshari_m20@yahoo.com
0031947532846004382
0031947532846004382
Yes
Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
S
Khazaei
Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Deputy of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
khazai20@yahoo.com
0031947532846004383
0031947532846004383
No
Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan
M
Mohammadian
Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
afsharimaryam86@gmail.com
0031947532846004384
0031947532846004384
No
Gonabad University of Medical Sciences
A
Mohammadian Hafshejani
Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences
mahdimohamadi@yahoo.com
0031947532846004385
0031947532846004385
No
Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences