ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Comparison of periodontal parameters among cardiovascular patients and healthy controls Background: This study was performed to evaluate periodontal status in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and assessment of periodontal diseases prevalence in these patients. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data on 100 patients were collected with mean age of 51 ± 11 years. The case group included of 50 patients with confirmed CVD who referred to Ali-ibn Abi Talib hospital of Rafsanjan, Iran. Control group included 50 healthy volunteer subjects with no history of systemic diseases that referred to oral medicine diagnosis department of Rafsanjan Dental School. Plaque index, bleeding point index, clinical attachment loss, pocket depth and number of loosed teeth were assessed in this study. Results: Plaque index, clinical attachment loss, pocket depth and number of lost teeth in the target group were more than the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in bleeding point index between the two groups. Conclusions: Patients who suffer from CVD had a higher risk for periodontal disease. So oral health instructions for this group of patients should be considered more. http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-203-en.pdf 2017-04-08 129 134 10.18869/acadpub.johe.5.3.129 Cardiovascular Diseases Periodontal Indices Risk Factors Periodontitis Cardiac Disease E Bateni 1 Dept. of Periodontology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR A Rabiei 2 General Dentist, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR N Sabzikari 3 Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. AUTHOR A Ghanbarzadegan Arash.Ghanbarzadegan@yahoo.com 4 Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Dentistry Student, Clinical Research Development Center, Ali ebn Abitaleb Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE The prevalence of depression and related factors in diabetic patients referred to Rafsanjan diabetes center, Iran, 2016 Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing, and thus, its mental consequences, such as depression, have an increasing trend. The goal of the present study was the determination of the prevalence of depression and some of its related factors in patients with type II DM who referred to the Diabetes Center of Rafsanjan, Iran, in the year 2016. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 194 patients with DM under care in the Diabetes Clinic of Ranfanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, were selected via simple random sampling method and filled a demographic form and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Data were analyzed using chi-squared test. Results: In this study, 67%, 24.7%, 6.2%, and 2.1% of the participants had no depression symptoms, mild depression, moderate depression, and severe depression. There was significant difference between the frequency of different depression severities based on age (P < 0.001), duration since disease diagnosis or treatment (P < 0.001), occupation (P = 0.011), education (P < 0.001), and type of treatment. Conclusions: The rate of depression in patients with DM is relatively high and women, people with lower level of education, and the elderly, and homemakers are at greater risk which signifies the necessity of psychological and psychiatric consultation. http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-192-en.pdf 2017-04-08 135 142 10.18869/acadpub.johe.5.3.135 Diabetes Mellitus Depression Age Sex MR Shafiepour edupsy90@yahoo.com 1 Dept of. Internal Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR R Bidaki reza_bidaki@yahoo.com 2 Research Center of Addiction and Behavioral Sciences, Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd,Iran. AUTHOR E Hasibi elhasibi@yahoo.com 3 Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran AUTHOR MR Mokhtaree mrmokhtaree@yahoo.com 4 Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE The relationship between level of dental fear and anxiety and DMFT index in students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, during the 2010-2011 academic years Background: The majority of individuals who visit the dentist are anxious. They are usually capable of controlling their anxiety. However, this fear sometimes creates great problems for the patient and dentist such as lack of visiting the dentist for treatment, incorrect diagnosis due to lack of appropriate communication between the patient and dentist, and finally, reduction of oral health level. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of dental fear and anxiety in students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran, and its relationship with oral and dental health status in the 2010-2011 academic year. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted using the Dental Anxiety Scale-Revised (DAS-R), Dental fear Scale (DFS), and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index checklist. The study was performed on 300 students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, enrolled during 2005-2011. The participants were selected through stratified random sampling based on the population of each department (medicine, nursing and midwifery, dentistry, and paramedicine). The DMFT, DAS-R, and DFS scores along with other gathered data were analyzed using chi-square test in SPSS software. Results: Among the participants, 82 individuals were medical students, 44 were dentistry students, 53 were nursing and midwifery students, and 121 were paramedical students. In addition, 173 subjects were women and 127 were men. Moreover, 49.3% of students had dental fear and 24.8% had dental anxiety. Among women, 32.4% had dental anxiety and 54.3% had dental fear, while among men, 14.2% had dental anxiety and 40.2% had dental fear. Conclusions: According to the obtained results, variables such as sex, marital status, field of education, history of dental visit, painful previous treatments, and dental anxiety in the family had an effect on DAS-R and DFS scores. Moreover, there was a significant relationship  between DMFT index and level of fear and anxiety; with the increasing of dental fear and anxiety, DMFT also increased. http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-202-en.pdf 2017-04-16 143 150 10.18869/acadpub.johe.5.3.143 Anxiety Fear Dentistry Student MM Yaghooti Khorasani m.yaghooti@yahoo.com 1 Dept. of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR M Shakerian shakerianrostami@gmail.com 2 Dept. of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR M Irannezhad irannezhad.maryam@yahoo.com 3 School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Safety assessment of glycol recovery unit in a gas refinery by failure mode and effects analysis technique Background: The reliability and safety of gas refineries are strongly associated with the reliability of other parts of the system. Defect and failure in one part of a system can cause total system breakdown or accident. The failure and damage in these equipment such as transformers and boilers results in not only the equipment damage and human injuries but also productivity reduction. The purpose of this study was safety assessment of glycol recovery unit in gas refinery by failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) technique. Materials and Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study done for risk assessment of glycol recovery unit of a gas refinery in one of the southern areas of Iran. FMEA method was used to identify and detect possible failures in the system. Failure modes of a component and their causes were identified and effects of identified failures were examined, then the necessary corrective measures were recommended. Results: In this research, 105 failure modes were studied. The highest risk priority number (RPN) values obtained were 150 (while removing corrosion and welding inside TK601A/B vessel which was due lack of air ventilation) and 120 (while installing the gasket). Conclusions: FMEA technique is a useful method to prevent accidents and increase safety and productivity. FMEA can identify and assess potential risks and propose corrective action required to control the risks. http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-201-en.pdf 2017-04-17 151 159 10.18869/acadpub.johe.5.3.151 Safety Risk Assessment Failure Mode and Effect Analysis S Mahdavi smahdavi125@yahoo.com 1 Dept. of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran AUTHOR P Rasti Pisheh pegah.rastipishe@yahoo.com 2 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR M Jozekanaani jozekanaani@nigc.ir 3 Governing Health Section, HSE Main Office, National Iranian Gas Company (NIGC), Tehran, Iran AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Quality of life and its correlation with violence and social support among women with HIV/AIDS in Shiraz, Iran, in 2015 Background: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a fatal viral disease which can affect the patient’s immune system and render the patient susceptible to opportunistic infections. In recent years, the number of women with HIV acquired through sexual transmission has increased. Therefore, due to the importance of quality of life (QOL) among these women and the impact of violence and social support on their QOL, this study can assist in the recognition of effective factors on QOL of these patients. Materials and Methods: The study population of this descriptive study consisted of all patients with Human immunodeficiency virus infection/AIDS (HIV/AIDS) who had medical records at the Behavioral Disorders Counseling Center of Shiraz, Iran. To assess QOL, violence, and social support among these patients, the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) scale and the Domestic Violence Questionnaire (DVQ) plus Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ) were used. The collected data were analyzed using Independent two-sample t-test, ANOVA, and correlations. Results: The QOL and SSQ scores of single individuals were higher compared to other groups and violence was lower in this group. The QOL and SSQ scores of residents of rural areas were lower compared to residents of urban areas. Moreover, the violence score of this group was higher. The QOL and SSQ scores of individuals with higher educational level and better economic status were higher than other groups, but their violence score was lower. Conclusions: Total mean QOL, violence, and social support scores were assessed in the present study. Based on the correlation found between these variables, it can be concluded that women with HIV/AIDS require more social support so that their QOL, which is one of the main determinants of health, can be improved. http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-185-en.pdf 2016-07-19 160 167 10.18869/acadpub.johe.5.3.160 AIDS Quality of Life Violence Social Support A Shirvani 1 Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR R Vazirinejad 2 Dept. of Social Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR M Rezaeian moeygmr2@yahoo.co.uk 3 Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Occupational Environmental Research Center, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Chemical risk assessment in a chemical laboratory based on three different techniques Background: The use of chemicals is essential in education resulting in exposure to these pollutant in a variety of chemical and research laboratories. Chemical contaminants in chemical laboratories are in different forms and chemical exposure risk assessment is important for choosing appropriate controls in protecting the health of operators, experts and students. For risk assessment in chemical exposures, several techniques were introduced that their use should be assessed. This research was done with the aim to introduce the most appropriate technique in chemical risk assessment by using three chemical risk assessment techniques. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive research done in one chemical laboratory. This research had been defined in several stages: in the first phase, the list of solid and liquid chemicals were prepared and full physicochemical properties of substances as well as toxicity and health risk of them were collected. Finally Chemical Risk Management Self-Assessment Model (Chem-SAM), University Of Wollingong (UOW) risk assessment and semi-quantitative risk assessment method (SQRA) methods were used and compared. Results: There was significant difference between SQRA methods and UOW technique while no significant difference was observed between SQRA methods and Chem-SAM model. Conclusions: All three techniques are simple, but the results were similar in SQRA methods and Chem-SAM model, so these two methods can be replaced in chemical risk assessment. In order to control the identified risks, this research has recommended programs, control measures, improving local exhaust ventilation systems, personal protective equipment and training of personnel. http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-205-en.pdf 2017-04-22 168 175 10.18869/acadpub.johe.5.3.168 Risk Assessment Risk Management Self-Assessment Chemical Model S Karimi Zeverdegani s_karimi@hlth.mui.ac.ir 1 Dept. of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AUTHOR S Barakat s_barakat@hlth.mui.ac.ir 2 Dept. of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AUTHOR M Yazdi maryam.yazdi_kh@yahoo.com 3 Dept. of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Medical waste management in clinical and educational laboratories affiliated to Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2015 Background: Laboratory wastes are one of the environmental issues of developing countries and cause diseases and epidemics. Laboratory waste management is planned with the aim of preventing unfavorable effects on human health and the environment. The aim of the present study was to determine the status of medical waste management in clinical laboratories affiliated with Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2015. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted through a census in all clinical laboratories of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using a checklist that was designed and confirmed by the Iranian Health and Treatment Ministry. After administrative coordination, the checklist was completed through visits and interviews. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive tests in SPSS software. Results: The results showed that, in 40% of cases, individuals responsible for the collection of waste had received the necessary training. In addition, in 28.6% of cases, containers were labeled in order to determine the type of waste inside the container. In 57.1% of laboratories, there was no list of chemicals which must not be mixed during waste collection. The waste was disinfected using an autoclave in only 14.3% of cases.  Conclusions: In the present study, the waste classification operation of the majority of laboratories was incomplete. In order to reduce contamination in these centers, measures must be taken regarding the disposal of waste at the site of its production. Furthermore, individuals responsible for collection and transference of waste must comply with personal protection measures. http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-197-en.pdf 2017-04-26 176 181 10.18869/acadpub.johe.5.3.176 Infectious Waste Waste Management Laboratory Iran Medical Waste F Mohseni Moghadam dmt_330@yahoo.com 1 Facully Member, Dept. of Basic Science, Paramedical Faculty, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan , Iran. AUTHOR M Tashakori m_tashakori44@yahoo.com 2 Dept. of Basic Science, Paramedical Faculty ,Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR B Shahidi Zandi Shahidi Zandi@yahoo.com 3 Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran AUTHOR M Hadavi hadavimaryam@yahoo.com 4 Dept. of Anesthesiology, Paramedical Faculty, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran AUTHOR V Akbarpoor V_Akbar Pour@yahoo.com 5 Dept. of Basic Science, Paramedical Faculty, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran AUTHOR F Kazemi F_kazemi@yahoo.com 6 Dept. of Basic Science, Paramedical Faculty, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR M Moosavi SM_mosavi@yahoo.com 7 Dept. of Basic Science, Paramedical Faculty, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE A study of the status of the elderly; bacterial infections, their causes, prevention, and control methods Background: On the 26th anniversary of the International Day of Older Persons in 2015 with the slogan "the elderly, advocates of dynamism, growth, and the youth of the population", 12% (900 million individuals) of the world population were above 65 years of age. It is estimated that this rate will reach 22% (2 milliard individuals) by 2050. The purpose of the present study was to determine the status of the elderly and bacterial infections, their causes, prevention, and control methods. Materials and Methods: In the present study, Magiran, SID, CAB Direct, PubMed, CDC, and World Health Organization (WHO) databases were searched using the keywords bacterial infections, old age, and control methods. The inclusion criteria included articles related to the study topic in English or Farsi. After the assessment of the articles, 40 articles were studied in detail. Results: Due to the relative increase in the duration of life and diseases related to old age, the recurrence of some infections has been observed in the elderly. Immune system dysfunction, lifestyle, living area, elderly care method, and underlying diseases can be effective on aging and acquiring of infectious diseases. In elderly patients, infections, unlike in young adults, do not have evident symptoms. More than 30% of cases of mortality among the elderly are due to infectious diseases. The most common infections in the elderly are urinary tract, respiratory, unspecified, intra-abdominal, skin, and catheter-related infections. Conclusions: Infectious diseases are of grave importance in the quantity of life and quality of life (QOL) of the elderly. Thus, the determination of their causes, the most common infectious diseases, and their causal factors in the world, developing countries, and Iran can play an important role in the management of these diseases.   http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-199-en.pdf 2017-05-01 182 193 10.18869/acadpub.johe.5.3.182 Elderly Infection Mortality Iran Sh Assar Assar_sh@yahoo.com 1 Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR T Mirzaei t.mirzaei@rums.ac.ir 2 Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Dept. of Medical Surgical Nursing, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR A Ravari dr.ravari@rums.ac.ir 3 Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Dept. of Medical Surgical Nursing, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR AR Vakilian Alirezavakilian7@gmail.com 4 Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Dept. of Neurology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR O Rezahosseini dr.kazemi@rums.ac.ir 5 Dept. of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR F Hosseini Gcrc @rums.ac.ir 6 Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. AUTHOR S Assar dr.kazemi@rums.ac.ir 7 School of Dentistry, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. AUTHOR