Journal of Occupational
Health and Epidemiology
Rafsanjan university Of medical sciences
Volume 14, Issue 1 (Winter 2025)
J Occup Health Epidemiol 2025, 14(1): 39-45 |
Back to browse issues page
Ethics code: IR.SIRUMS.REC.1399.002
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Sadeghi R, Razavinasab S A, Khanjani N, Momenabadi V. Effectiveness of a Community-Based Intervention (CBI) Based on the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) in Preventing COVID-19 Infection among Bank Employees. J Occup Health Epidemiol 2025; 14 (1) :39-45
URL: http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-940-en.html
URL: http://johe.rums.ac.ir/article-1-940-en.html
Related article in
Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Similar articles
1- Associated Prof., Dept. of Public Health, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran.
2- Assistant Prof., Samen Alhojaj Hospital, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran.
3- Professor, Dept. of Medical Education, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech Health Sciences Center El Paso, Texas, USA. ,narges.khanjani@gmail.com
4- Assistant Prof., Dept. of Public Health, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.
2- Assistant Prof., Samen Alhojaj Hospital, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran.
3- Professor, Dept. of Medical Education, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech Health Sciences Center El Paso, Texas, USA. ,
4- Assistant Prof., Dept. of Public Health, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.
Article history
Received: 2024/09/3
Accepted: 2025/01/15
ePublished: 2025/04/30
Accepted: 2025/01/15
ePublished: 2025/04/30
Subject:
Occupational Health
Abstract: (148 Views)
Background: The COVID-19 virus has caused concern and fear among people worldwide. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a Community- Based Intervention (CBI) based on the Protection Motivation Theory in preventing COVID-19 infection among bank employees.
Materials and Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study (pre- and post-intervention). The study participants were 180 bank employees selected randomly from banks in Sirjan. The CBI was conducted over three months, and participants received educational interventions about promoting health-related behaviors and improving their working environment. Data were collected by a questionnaire with 62 questions in four parts: demographic information, knowledge, questions related to the structures of PMT, and questions about behaviors. Data was analyzed by paired t-test and Mc Nemar’s test in SPSS23 software.
Results: The mean age of participants was 41.6 ± 2.16. There were significant differences in the mean scores of knowledge and perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, response efficiency, rewards, self-efficacy, response cost, fear, and protection motivation after the CBI (p<0.05). Also, health behaviors improved significantly after the CBI (P<0.001); for example, the prevalence of regular hand washing among the target group increased from 36.6% to 93.4%.
Conclusion: The results showed that Protection Motivation Theory was effective in improving COVID-19 prevention strategies among bank employees and may help prevent infection and control this disease outbreak.
Materials and Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study (pre- and post-intervention). The study participants were 180 bank employees selected randomly from banks in Sirjan. The CBI was conducted over three months, and participants received educational interventions about promoting health-related behaviors and improving their working environment. Data were collected by a questionnaire with 62 questions in four parts: demographic information, knowledge, questions related to the structures of PMT, and questions about behaviors. Data was analyzed by paired t-test and Mc Nemar’s test in SPSS23 software.
Results: The mean age of participants was 41.6 ± 2.16. There were significant differences in the mean scores of knowledge and perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, response efficiency, rewards, self-efficacy, response cost, fear, and protection motivation after the CBI (p<0.05). Also, health behaviors improved significantly after the CBI (P<0.001); for example, the prevalence of regular hand washing among the target group increased from 36.6% to 93.4%.
Conclusion: The results showed that Protection Motivation Theory was effective in improving COVID-19 prevention strategies among bank employees and may help prevent infection and control this disease outbreak.
References
1. Chen Y, Liu Q, Guo D. Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis. J Med Virol. 2020;92(4):418-23. [DOI] [PMID] [PMCID]
2. Tazval J, Ghafari M, Mohtashami Yeganeh F, Babazadeh T, Rabati R. Efficiency of protection motivation theory on prediction of skin cancer and sunlight preventive behaviors in farmers in Ilam county. J Health. 2016;7(5):656-67. [Article]
3. Wu F, Zhao S, Yu B, Chen YM, Wang W, Song ZG, et al. A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China. Nature. 2020;579(7798):265-9. [DOI] [PMID] [PMCID]
4. Sadeghi R, Masoudi MR, Khanjani N. The commitment for fair distribution of COVID‐19 vaccine among all countries of the world. Res Nurs Health. 2021;44(2):266-7. [DOI] [PMID] [PMCID]
5. Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):470-3. [DOI] [PMID]
6. Farnoosh G, Alishiri G, Zijoud S, Dorostkar R, Farahani AJ. Understanding the 2019-novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Based on Available Evidence-A Narrative Review. J Mil Med. 2020;22(1):1-11.
7. Xu XW, Wu XX, Jiang XG, Xu KJ, Ying LJ, Ma CL, et al. Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series. BMJ. 2020;368:m606. [DOI] [PMID] [PMCID]
8. Sadeghi R, Mazloomy Mahmoodabad SS, Fallahzadeh H, Rezaeian M, Bidaki R, Khanjani N. Readability and suitability assessment of adolescent education material in preventing hookah smoking. Int J High Risk Behav Addict. 2019;8(1):e83117. [DOI]
9. Mazloomy Mahmoodabad SS, Sadeghi R, Fallahzadeh H, Rezaeian M, Bidaki R, Khanjani N. Validity and reliability of the preventing hookah smoking (PHS) questionnaire in adolescents based on the protection motivation theory. J Pediatr Perspect. 2018;6(10):8327-37. [DOI]
10. Norman P, Boer H, Seydel ER. Protection motivation theory. In: Conner M, Norman P, Eds. Predicting health behaviour: Research and practice with social cognition models. Maidenhead, Berkshire, United Kingdom: Open University Press; 2005.
11. Bockarjova M, Steg L. Can Protection Motivation Theory predict pro-environmental behavior? Explaining the adoption of electric vehicles in the Netherlands. Glob Environ Change. 2014;28:276-288. [DOI]
12. Sadeghi R, Mazloomy Mahmoodabad SS, Fallahzadeh H, Rezaeian M, Bidaki R, Khanjani N. Predictive factors for preventing hookah smoking and health promotion among young people based on the protection motivation theory. J Educ Health Promot. 2019;8:169. [DOI] [PMID] [PMCID]
13. Elgzar WT, Sayed SH, Hussien NK, Allam TH. The effect of an educational intervention based on protection motivation theory on pregnant Women’s knowledge and self-protection regarding COVID-19. An intervention study. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2023;28(3):264-72. [DOI] [PMID] [PMCID]
14. Barati M. The effects of non-pharmaceutical intervention based on the protection motivation theory in promoting COVID-19 prevention behaviors in the older adults. Public Health. 2022;13:14.
15. Sadeghi R, Mazloomy Mahmoodabad SS, Fallahzadeh H, Rezaeian M, Bidaki R, Khanjani N. Hookah is the enemy of health campaign: a campaign for prevention of hookah smoking among youth. Health Promot Int. 2020;35(5):1125-36. [DOI] [PMID]
16. Elder RW, Shults RA, Sleet DA, Nichols JL, Thompson RS, Rajab W, et al. Effectiveness of mass media campaigns for reducing drinking and driving and alcohol-involved crashes: a systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2004;27(1):57-65. [DOI] [PMID]
17. Sadeghi R, Khanjani N, Masoudi MR. Investigating the predictive factors of protective behaviors against COVID-19 among bank employees. Iran Occup Health. 2020;17(S1):90-100. [URL]
18. Matlabi M, Esmaeili R, Mohammadzadeh F, Hassanpour-Nejad H. The effect of educational intervention based on the protection motivation theory in promotion of preventive behaviors against Covid-19. J Health Syst Res. 2022;18(1):30-8. [DOI]
19. Ansari MA, Gharlipour Z, Mohebi S, Sharifirad GR, Rahbar A. Effect of Education Based on the Protection Motivation Theory on Preventive Behaviors of Influenza A among High School Students in Qom City, (Iran). Qom Univ Med Sci J. 2019;13(4):22-33. [DOI]
20. Demirtas B, Acikgoz I: Promoting attendance at cervical cancer screening: understanding the relationship with Turkish womens' health beliefs. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(1):333-40. [DOI] [PMID]
21. Bandura A. Regulative function of perceived self-efficacy. In: Personnel selection and classification. London, England, United Kingdom: Psychology Press; 2013. P.261-71.
22. Bubeck P, Wouter Botzen WJ, Laudan J, Aerts JCJH, Thieken AH. Insights into flood‐coping appraisals of protection motivation theory: Empirical evidence from Germany and France. Risk Anal. 2018;38(6):1239-57. [DOI] [PMID]
23. Wichachai S, Songserm N, Akakul T, Kuasiri C. Effects of application of social marketing theory and the health belief model in promoting cervical cancer screening among targeted women in Sisaket province, Thailand. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(7):3505-10. [PMID]
24. Plotnikoff RC, Lippke S, Trinh L, Courneya KS, Birkett N, Sigal RJ. Protection motivation theory and the prediction of physical activity among adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes in a large population sample. Br J Health Psychol. 2010;15(Pt 3):643-61. [DOI] [PMID]
25. Malmir S, Barati M, Khani Jeihooni A, Bashirian S, Hazavehei SMM. Effect of an educational intervention based on protection motivation theory on preventing cervical cancer among marginalized women in west Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018;19(3):755-61. [DOI] [PMID] [PMCID]
26. Ebadi Fardazar F, Solhi M, Mansori K, Mansouri Hanis S, Hashemi SS. Assessment the Effect of Educational Intervention on Preventive Behaviors of Home Accidents in Mothers with Children Less than 5-Year Based on Protection Motivation Theory (PMT). J Pediatr Perspect. 2016;4(7):2051-9. [DOI]
27. Khiyali Z, Ghahremani L, Kaveh MH, Keshavarzi S. The Effect of an educational program based on protection motivation theory on pap smear screening behavior among women referring to health centers in Fasa. J Educ Community Health. 2017;3(4):31-7. [DOI]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. |
