Journal of Occupational
Health and Epidemiology
Rafsanjan university Of medical sciences
Volume 14, Issue 4 (Autumn 2025)
J Occup Health Epidemiol 2025, 14(4): 231-239 |
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Fakharian E, Sehat M, Fazel M R, Yarmohammadi S, Mahdian M, Asgari F et al . Traumatic Brain Injury Trends in Central Iran: Regional Insights from Kashan (2017-2022). J Occup Health Epidemiol 2025; 14 (4) :231-239
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Esmaeil Fakharian1 
, Mojtaba Sehat2 , Mohammad Reza Fazel3 , Soudabeh Yarmohammadi4 , Mehrdad Mahdian5 , Faezeh Asgari6 , Khadijeh Kalan Farmanfarma *7
, Mojtaba Sehat2 , Mohammad Reza Fazel3 , Soudabeh Yarmohammadi4 , Mehrdad Mahdian5 , Faezeh Asgari6 , Khadijeh Kalan Farmanfarma *7
1- Professor, Trauma Research Center, Dept. of Neurosurgery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
2- Professor, Trauma Research Center, Dept. of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
3- Professor, Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
4- Assistant Prof., Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
5- Associate Prof., Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
6- M.Sc. in Environmental Health Engineering, Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
7- Assistant Prof., Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. ,kalan_farma@yahoo.com
2- Professor, Trauma Research Center, Dept. of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
3- Professor, Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
4- Assistant Prof., Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
5- Associate Prof., Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
6- M.Sc. in Environmental Health Engineering, Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
7- Assistant Prof., Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. ,
Article history
Received: 2025/02/5
Accepted: 2025/07/22
ePublished: 2025/12/13
Accepted: 2025/07/22
ePublished: 2025/12/13
Subject:
Epidemiology
Abstract: (27 Views)
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) claims the highest incidence of all common neurological disorders, and poses a substantial public health burden. This study aims to identify and analyze the predictive factors contributing to head trauma in central Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 2287 head trauma patients admitted to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan from 2017 to 2022. Data were collected using checklists including demographic, emergency factors, diagnostic information, severity of injury, final outcomes, and clinical interventions. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (Version 24), with a p-value < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: Mean age of participants was 40.22± 22.17 years and 78.8% were male. Major causes of head injuries were traffic collisions (73.9%) and falls (21.2%). Men showed 1.03 times higher odds of injury compared to women. Drug use elevated the odds of injury as 2.48 times, whereas a systolic blood pressure below 90 mmHg raised the risk of brain injury by 14%. Severe and moderate Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores increased odds of injury as 3.36 times and 5.91 times, respectively. Surgical intervention was linked to 2.59-time increment in injury severity. Pedestrians and motorcyclists had 1.22 times and 1.02 times higher risks of severe injuries compared to car occupants.
Conclusion: This study identified key risk factors for (TBI), including male sex, substance abuse, hypoxia, and low GCS scores. Early recognition of these factors is critical for clinical decision-making, while targeted prevention strategies and prompt treatment are essential to lower TBI burden in the region.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 2287 head trauma patients admitted to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan from 2017 to 2022. Data were collected using checklists including demographic, emergency factors, diagnostic information, severity of injury, final outcomes, and clinical interventions. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (Version 24), with a p-value < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: Mean age of participants was 40.22± 22.17 years and 78.8% were male. Major causes of head injuries were traffic collisions (73.9%) and falls (21.2%). Men showed 1.03 times higher odds of injury compared to women. Drug use elevated the odds of injury as 2.48 times, whereas a systolic blood pressure below 90 mmHg raised the risk of brain injury by 14%. Severe and moderate Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores increased odds of injury as 3.36 times and 5.91 times, respectively. Surgical intervention was linked to 2.59-time increment in injury severity. Pedestrians and motorcyclists had 1.22 times and 1.02 times higher risks of severe injuries compared to car occupants.
Conclusion: This study identified key risk factors for (TBI), including male sex, substance abuse, hypoxia, and low GCS scores. Early recognition of these factors is critical for clinical decision-making, while targeted prevention strategies and prompt treatment are essential to lower TBI burden in the region.
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